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हिन्दी English

Consider the following statements regarding the Governors-General and Viceroys of India and major historical events that took place during their tenure:

  1. 1. 'Wood's Despatch' was presented in 1854 during the tenure of Lord Dalhousie, which is called the 'Magna Carta' of Indian education, and under this, the foundations for the establishment of universities in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras were laid.
  2. 2. The 'Vernacular Press Act' was passed in 1878 during the tenure of Lord Lytton, aimed at restricting the freedom of vernacular newspapers, and supporting this repressive law, 'The Hindu' newspaper openly welcomed it.
  3. 3. The 'Indian Universities Act' was passed in 1904 during the tenure of Lord Curzon, based on the recommendations of the 'Raleigh Commission' formed for it, which reduced the number of senate members in universities and significantly increased government control.
  4. 4. The 'Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms' (Government of India Act, 1919) were implemented during the tenure of Lord Chelmsford, introducing the system of 'Dyarchy' in the provinces, and the heart-wrenching Jallianwala Bagh massacre in Amritsar took place in the same year.

Which of the statement(s) given above is/are completely true?

Detailed Explanation & Solution

Statement 1 is true because Wood's Despatch of 1854 came during the time of Lord Dalhousie. Statement 3 is true because the Indian Universities Act of 1904 came on the recommendation of the Raleigh Commission. Statement 4 is true that the Act of 1919 came during Lord Chelmsford and dyarchy was implemented. However, statement 2 is false because 'The Hindu' and other nationalist papers strongly opposed the 'Vernacular Press Act' (1878) rather than welcoming it.

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