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Maslow, Rogers & Humanism
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According to Abraham Maslow's 'Theory of Human Motivation / Hierarchy of Needs' comprising five basic needs—(1) Physiological Needs, (2) Safety Needs, (3) Belongingness and Love Needs, (4) Esteem Needs, and (5) Self-Actualization Needs—which of the following psychological statements is most authentic and scientifically valid regarding their real psychological implications and the scientific management of intrinsic motivation, emotional security, and the cultivation of highest human potentials of students in classroom teaching?

Detailed Explanation & Solution

According to Abraham Maslow's 'Hierarchy of Needs' theory, human needs are arranged in a hierarchical order. It begins with basic physiological needs (such as food, water, sleep) and safety needs.

When these deficiency needs are met, an individual moves toward higher-level growth needs, such as self-esteem and ultimately self-actualization.

Classroom Implications:

  • Physiological and Safety Foundation: If a student is hungry, frightened, or feels insecure, their motivation for self-actualization or higher-level cognitive learning cannot be effectively aroused.
  • Conclusion: Therefore, option (a) represents the most authentic and scientifically valid statement of this psychological principle in educational settings.
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