Operant Conditioning (Skinner)
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In the context of 'Methods of Learning and Teaching Techniques', under 'Programmed Instruction' based on the 'Operant Conditioning' theory propounded by psychologist B.F. Skinner, which of the following is the most specific and central technical characteristic of 'Branched Programmed Instruction' (or Intrinsic Programming) developed by Norman A. Crowder?
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Detailed Explanation & Solution
Programmed instruction holds immense importance in teaching-learning methods. Contrary to B.F. Skinner's Linear Programming, 'Branched Programmed Instruction' (or Intrinsic Programming) was developed by Norman A. Crowder in the 1960s. The main feature of Crowder's model is that it is based on multiple-choice questions. If a student answers the question correctly, they proceed to the next main step, but if the student chooses an incorrect answer, they are sent to a special alternative branch or remedial frame where their specific error is corrected. Therefore, option 'b' presents the most accurate and scientific form of this theory.
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