Under the core philosophy of inclusive education, when children with diverse special needs (such as sensory, physical, intellectual, and socio-cultural differences) study together in a regular classroom, which of the following approaches is considered most effective and pedagogically sound in the teaching-learning process according to the principles of the National Education Policy (NEP 2020) and Universal Design for Learning (UDL)?

Understanding Inclusive Education and UDL

The core objective of inclusive education is to provide quality education to both regular and special-needs children under one roof without any discrimination.

• Universal Design for Learning (UDL): Advocates for flexible learning environments that can be customized for individual learning needs.
• NEP 2020 Recommendations: Emphasizes multi-level teaching, flexible curricula, and differentiated instruction to respect individual differences.

Therefore, option B is the most accurate approach as it promotes adaptability and inclusivity in the classroom.