Albert Bandura
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Consider the following statements regarding Albert Bandura's 'Social Learning Theory' and 'Observational Learning' in the context of Child Development and Pedagogy:
- 1. According to Bandura, learning does not occur solely through directly receiving rewards or punishments (operant conditioning), but a child also learns by observing and imitating the behavior of other individuals (role models) in their social environment, which he termed 'Observational Learning'.
- 2. The process of Bandura's observational learning includes four major sub-steps or components in sequential order—Attention, Retention, Reproduction, and Motivation/Reinforcement.
- 3. The famous 'Bobo Doll Experiment' conducted by Bandura clarified that aggression is innate and is not affected by environmental factors or violent behaviors shown in the media.
Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?
✓ Correct! Well done.
✗ Not quite — the correct answer is highlighted above.
Detailed Explanation & Solution
Statement 1 is correct because Albert Bandura's social learning theory emphasizes that individuals learn by observing the behavior of others (through observation), which is considered separate from traditional Skinnerian conditioning.
Statement 2 is also correct; Bandura outlined four main elements of observational learning: Attention, Retention, Reproduction, and Motivation.
Statement 3 is incorrect because the 'Bobo Doll Experiment' proved that aggression is learned (due to environmental and media influences), rather than being entirely innate. Therefore, only statements 1 and 2 are correct.
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